2012 new ammonium sulfate technology from gypsum

The reactivity of flue gas desulphurization gypsum with ammonium carbonate has been studied in the temperature range (20–50) °C. Mechanism of this …

8.4.1 General1-2. Ammonium sulfate ([NH4]2SO4) is commonly used as a fertilizer. In 1991, U. S. facilities produced about 2.7 million megagrams (Mg) (3 million tons) of ammonium sulfate in about 35 plants. Production rates at these plants range from 1.8 to 360 Mg (2 to 400 tons) per year. 8.4.2 Process Description1.

The present invention includes a partially continuous countercurrent process for converting gypsum, by reaction with ammonium carbonate, to products of ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate by introducing the reactants into reactors, mixing the reactants for a predetermined amount of time, employing a novel combination of …

A new challenge is represented by the flue gas desulphurisation gypsum (FGDG). 2 In the framework of the project EGYVACHEP we have studied conversion of FGDG using ammonium …

Received for reuiew May 14, 1990 Revised manuscript receioed November 19, 1990 Accepted December 2, 1990 Kinetics of the Conversion of Calcium Sulfate to Ammonium Sulfate Using Ammonium Carbonate Aqueous Solution Elamin M. Elkanzi* and Mohamed F.Chalabi Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, U.A.E. University, …

Calcium sulfate (CS) or gypsum is commonly used on removal of soluble ions such as sodium (Na), however, large applications of CS can affect soil pH, EC, and nutrient availability to plants.

The Nutritec® is a unique technology to recover nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater by struvite precipitation followed by membrane ammonia stripping resulting in ammonium sulfate. The Nutritec technology can be used to recover nutrients from reject water, concentrated industrial wastewater, or even separately collected urine.

Ammonium sulfate roasting technology provides new ideas for the treatment of low-grade mineral resources, tailings, and industrial solid wastes, but the research on this technology is at the laboratory research stage. The following outlook is proposed to accelerate the process of ammonium sulfate roasting in industrial …

The carbonation by-product (ammonium sulfate) could be recovered by evaporation crystallization. The technological conditions of carbonation reaction had little …

Conversion of FGD-gypsum to ammonium sulfate were tested at temperatures between 60 to 70°C for a duration of five to six hours. The results of a literature review and …

The overall goal of this study is to assess the technical and economic feasibilities for producing marketable products including fertilizer-grade ammonium sulfate from gypsum produced as part of lime/limestone flue gas desulfurization (FGD) processes. Millions of tone of FGD-gypsum by-product may be produced in this decade as a result …

Wang et al. [64] demonstrated that even if the pH value reached 13, ettringite decomposed and transformed into gypsum instead of a monosulfide salt in a 0.380 mol/L ammonium sulfate solution. The ammonium sulfate in the corrosion solution prepared in this study had a concentration (0.581 mol/L) of > 0.380 mol/L.

The scrubber, a Chiyoda Thoroughbred 121 FGD, produced a filter cake product contains 98.36% gypsum (CaSOâ.2HâO), and less than 0.01% calcium sulfate (CaSOâ). Conversion of FGD-gypsum to ...

Ammonium sulfate can be prepared by the conversion reaction of gypsum with CO 2 and ammonia (Danielik et al., 2018). Except for ammonium sulfate, calcium carbonate is produced as a by-product ...

In 2014, Han et al. [94, 95] designed two MVR systems with the ammonium sulfate as the working fluid based on the self-heat recuperation technology and analyzed their relevant energy saving ...

new ammonium sulfate technology from gypsumliquid ammonium sulfate fertilizer norsewindeu. Sinopec Qilu Petrochemical Project Jet The original single column design similar to lizenithne/gypsum technologies brought high High emission of ammonium sulfate aerosol out of the stack see table only spent 9 months to complete all four …

Costs for constructing and operating a conceptual plant based on a proposed process that converts flue gas desulfurization (FGD)-gypsum to ammonium sulfate fertilizer has been calculated and used to estimate a market price for the product. The average market price of granular ammonium sulfate ($138/ton) exceeds the rough estimated cost of …

@article{osti_370352, title = {Cost estimates for manufacture of ammonium sulfate fertilizer from gypsum-rich by product of the flue gas desulfurization}, author = {Chou, M I.M. and Achorn, F P and Rostam-Abadi, M and Lytle, J M}, abstractNote = {Under the United States Department of Energy`s Clean Coal Technology program, the 1990 …

which contains sulfur: ammonium sulfate. Ammonium sulfate feeds sulfur and nitrogen to the soil. With its colloidal components, the fertilizer binds to clay particles in the soil, ensuring a long-term supply of nutrients. Ammonium sulfate is thus perfect for plants with a long growth period and in areas with high rainfall.

@article{osti_370352, title = {Cost estimates for manufacture of ammonium sulfate fertilizer from gypsum-rich by product of the flue gas desulfurization}, author = …

In this process, ammonium bi-sulfate is formed first. Heating at higher temperatures causes it to decompose into ammonia, nitrogen, sulfur dioxide, and water. Ammonium sulfate solution is acidic …

Ammonium sulfate was produced with up to 99% purity using available ammonium carbonate and FGD-Gypsum (Chou et al., 1995). The gypsum by-products have no market value compared to the wholesale price for granular ammonium sulfate ranging from $75 to $130 per ton ( Chou et al., 2005 ) and the ammonium sulfate price …

Manufacture of ammonium sulfate fertilizer from FGD-gypsum …. The overall goal of this project is to assess the technical and economic feasibility for producing feasibility-grade ammonium sulfate from gypsum produced as … » More detailed projects on ammonium sulphate production from gypsum – …. projects on ammonium sulphate production …

After the dried red gypsum was ground to below 74 μm, the main element content and phase composition of the red gypsum were determined by XRF and XRD, respectively, as shown in Table 2 and Fig. 1.It can be seen from Table 2 that red gypsum was mainly composed of calcium and iron, and its content was 23.45% and 7.12%, …

In principle, the gypsum waste could be used to capture several hundred megatonnes of carbon dioxide (CO 2). For example, when gypsum is converted to ammonium sulfate [(NH 4) 2 SO 4] with ammonia (NH 3) and CO 2, also solid calcium carbonate (CaCO 3) is generated. The ammonium sulfate can be utilized as a fertilizer …

The reactivity of flue gas desulphurization gypsum with ammonium carbonate has been studied in the temperature range (20–50) °C. Mechanism of this reaction was suggested and the kinetics parameters characterizing the reaction were determined. A mathematical model suitable for the prediction of the conversion of …

This study focused on inorganic phosphogypsum solid waste as an example to explore its potential as a "secondary resource". Phosphogypsum (PG) is a by-product of solid phosphate fertilizer produced by phosphorite with concentrated sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4).Due to a large amount of associated heavy metals in phosphorite, P, F, radioactive …

This article is cited by 11 publications. Ping Tian, Pengge Ning, Hongbin Cao, and Zhibao Li. Determination and Modeling of Solubility for …

From Fig. 6, it is revealed that increasing the excess amount more than the stoichiometric of ammonium carbonate during the equilibrium reaction with calcium sulfate that presented in phosphogypsum to form ammonium sulfate, the yield efficiency of the ammonium sulfate product has gradually increased until 55.61 and 65.80% at 10% …

Goal is to assess technical and economic feasibility for producing fertilizer-grade ammonium sulfate from gypsum produced in limestone flue gas desulfurization (FGD). This is the 1st year of a 2-year program among Illinois State Geological Survey, University of Illinois (Urbana-Champaign), Allied-Signal, Marketing Chem. Process Inc., …

The optimum conditions of the treatment are 8 M sulfuric acid solution and 1/4 solid/liquid ratio for. 30 min contact time at 80. C. Moreover, the optimum conditions of the ammonium sulfate ...

1. Introduction. Flue gas desulfurized gypsum mainly comes from thermal power plants, smelters, and large-enterprise boilers, and contains industrial by-products produced through a wet desulfurization combustion process, where SO 2 gas and lime slurry react under strong oxidation conditions. The main component of this gypsum is …

Ammonium sulfate is well known for the first order phase transition which occurs upon cooling to a Ferro-electric crystal. Ammonium sulfate is made by treating ammonia, often as a by-product from coke-ovens, with sulfuric acid-2 . Ammonium sulfate also is manufactured from gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O).